Vermicomposting

June 2025 • Michael Daniel Djumin, Mikko Sebastian Sutanto

From a young age, people are taught to dispose of waste into designated trash bins, separating different types of wastes like organic and inorganic materials for the purpose of recycling waste into reusable products. One method often talked about in schools is composting—a way to decompose organic waste by the use of microorganisms into essential nutrients that could improve soil health and overall growth of plants. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi that play such significant roles are frequently mentioned—but what about the tiny, wiggling earthworms that squirm in the air pockets of soil? What exactly do they do?

Cryobiology: Harnessing the Cold to Preserve the Future

June 2025 • Joecelouis Hoga Kirana

Imagine a world where all organisms' lives can be paused; their cells, tissues, and organs put into a deep sleep, all biological clocks halted. This is not science fiction, this is cryobiology. Cryobiology is the study of how living organisms respond to extremely low temperatures, ranging from adaptations in vertebrates to micro-organisms.